English-speaking nations pide main body and object strictly while Chinese do not。 English-speaking nations pay attention to impact that object brings on human beings, so they distinguish main body and object strictly。 However, Chinese think human beings are the center, only human beings can do conscious action, so Chinese rarely distinguish main body and object。 Because of this, English sentences concentrate on subject but Chinese sentences concentrate on topic, English has more passive sentences but Chinese has more active sentences。

In Confucianism, people should be moderate and veiled。 This kind of culture makes people talk implicitly。 Chinese don’t like defining something directly, they like using some blurry words, like almost, probably and basically, etc, so Chinese use a lot of metaphor and make sentences ornate。

Different from Chinese, English-speaking people want to control the nature。 They use impersonal and scientific ways to make a deep acquaintance of the world。 Because of that, Western people talk directly。 For example, if they talk about a ‘car’, they will clearly say it is a bus or a truck, not only ‘car’。文献综述

Chinese connect sentences relied on using order and thinking process, it’s a kind of entirety thinking mode。 Entirety thinking mode starts from entirety, from entirety to part and emphasizes entirety。 Western people connect sentences relied on grammar function。 Sentence structure is close and cautious。 It’s a kind of analysis thinking mode。 Analysis thinking mode starts from part, from part to entirety and emphasizes form structure。

This kind of difference can show on word order。 For example, when expressing time or place order in English, it is normal that part is before entirety, English-speaking nations are used to talk from small things to large things。 Chinese is opposite。 Chinese are used to put part after entirety and talk from large things to small things。

To sum up, we have to consider different thinking modes when do translation and adjust word order following the talking habit。

3。 The Comparison of Chinese and English Word Order 

Chinese is SVO mode, but some of Chinese sentences are SOV mode。 Chinese language mode is subject+ adverbial + verb + object, it’s all because of Chinese thinking mode。

Ancient English was SOV mode, but now it is also SVO mode。 But compared to Chinese, English word order is more flexible and changeable。 English language mode is subject + verb + object + adverbial。

3。1 Subject and topic

As English sentence must have a subject except imperative sentence, but a Chinese sentence can ignore subject。 Chinese concentrates on topic, almost every component can be the topic, and subject can be omitted。

First, Chinese sentence can have both subject and topic, but English sentence cannot。 

Second, Chinese sentence can only have topic but no subject, but English sentence must have subject。 

Third, in some cases, Chinese can ellipsis subject and topic, but English must keep the subject。来,自,优.尔:论;文*网www.chuibin.com +QQ752018766-

Also, there are a lot of inversion sentences in English, such as interrogative inversion, command inversion and interjected inversion。

Subject is the topic of a sentence。 In Chinese and English, normal word orders are subject + verb。 However, sometimes word order will change because of the demand of expressing。 In this case, Chinese and English both transfer subject to the end of the sentence。 In Chinese, transferring subject is to emphasize verb; In English, transferring subject is to emphasize subject。

3。2 Object

There are plenty of SOV sentences in Chinese, it means object is usually put between subject and verb。 In ancient Chinese, object fronting is more common。 However, SOV sentences don’t exist in English。 When translating SOV and OSV sentences to English, object should be put after verb。