反应型含SiP阻燃剂合成及其PU硬泡研究
毕业论文 关键词： 硅/磷；反应型阻燃剂；合成；PU硬泡
Reactive flame retardant Si/P study on synthesis and rigid PU foam
Abstract: in this article, methyl vinyl dichlorosilane and dimethyl phosphite were used as raw materials, with anhydrous aluminum chloride as catalyst, we prepared reactive flame retardant containing Si/P. By varying the ratio of raw material, the amount of catalysts, reaction temperature and time, etc, we systematically studied synthesis effect of factors on yield. By determining hydroxyl value, acid value, viscosity, solids content and other performance indicators, we filtered out the optimum conditions of synthesis of the flame retardant. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR) were used for structural analysis. Experimental results showed that, when the ratio of vinyl silane chloride and dimethyl phosphite esters to 1:1.5, the reaction time of 24 h, the reaction temperature of 53℃, the catalyst to 2 g, the reaction conditions were best. And performances of the flame retardant were evaluated on the polyurethane rigid foam. Universal testing machine was used to test the compression strength of polyurethane rigid foam with the flame retardant. Oxygen index apparatus was used to determinate the oxygen index , and the apparent density, dimensional stability, etc, were also measured. The results showed that, after joining the flame retardant to polyurethane rigid foam , the compression strength and oxygen index were increased.
Key Words: Silicon/phosphorous; reactive flame retardant agent; synthesized; rigid PU foam
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1 阻燃剂概述 1
1.1.1 阻燃剂的分类 1
1.1.2 阻燃剂制备方法 2
1.1.3 阻燃剂的优缺点 3
1.1.4 阻燃剂的应用 4
1.1.5 阻燃剂的发展趋势与展望 5
1.2 聚氨酯(PU)硬质泡沫简介 7
1.2.1 PU泡沫塑料的定义 7
1.2.2 PU泡沫塑料的分类 7
1.2.3 PU泡沫塑料的结构 7
1.2.4 PU硬泡的特点 8
1.2.5 PU硬泡的制备方法 8
1.2.6 PU硬泡的应用 9
1.3 阻燃剂在PU上的应用研究 9
1.4 现有问题 10
1.5 本实验的目的和意义 10
1.6 研究内容 11
2 实验部分 12
2.1 原料及试剂 12
2.2 实验方法 13
2.2.1 反应型含Si/P阻燃剂的制备 13
2.2.2 反应型含Si/P阻燃剂体系制备PU硬泡 13
2.3 分析表征 13
2.3.1 红外光谱分析 13