多孔壁碳纳米笼用于锂电负极材料的研究
毕业论文关键字：碳纳米笼；高比表面积；负极材料；锂离子电池
Synthesis of porous-walled carbon nanocages towards high performance anodes of lithium-ion batteries
Abstract: Amongst the candidates for the anode materials of lithium-ion batteries, carbonaceous materials are dominant because of their outstanding properties. Graphite, the mainstay of the commercial anode materials, delivers a limited specific capacity of 372mAh/g, which can hardly meet the requirement of high-performance lithium-ion batteries. In this work, facile and large production of graphitic nanomaterials has been carried out towards high performance lithium-ion batteries. Majority of our work has been listed as followed: utilizing catalytic pyrolysis to produce GNCs at different temperature(550, 700 and 1100 ºC), and then removing the core of the particle by acid-treatment and removing doping structure by air-oxidization at 300 ºC to get graphitic nanocages (GNCs) with porous shells, which are used as the anodes for lithium-ion battery. According to the performance of GNCs prepared at different temperature, their graphitization and stability were enhanced, with synthetic temperature rising, which traded off specific surface area and capacity as well. Thus, the porous shell GNCs produced at 700 ºC with both high graphitization and specific surface area leads to its high reversible capacity and good stability. Such prepared GNCs would be a promising anode material towards Li ion battery applications.
Key Words：Carbon nanocages; High specific surface area; anode materials; Lithium-ion batteries
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 碳材料简介 1
1.2 碳的同素异形体 2
1.2.1 碳的价键结构 2
1.2.2 富勒烯 2
1.2.2 碳纳米管 3
1.2.3 空心碳纳米笼 4
1.2.4 石墨烯 4
1.3 碳纳米材料的制备方法 5
1.3.1 模板法 6
1.3.2 化学气相沉积法 7
1.3.3 催化裂解法 7
1.4 碳纳米材料的应用 7
1.4.1 在超级电容器中的应用 7
1.4.2 在锂离子电池中的应用 8
1.4.3 碳纳米材料作为催化剂载体 8
1.5 锂离子电池简介 9
1.6 本文的主要研究内容和意义 11
2 实验部分 12
2.1 材料制备 12
2.1.1 原料试剂 12
2.1.2 实验设备 12
2.1.3 碳纳米笼的制备 12
2.2 材料性能表征 13
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