家用防火避难舱设计(2)
This project is a fixed household fireproof refuge cabin. Because of the use of water and electricity, we combine the cabin with bathroom. The fireproof cabin door and other three walls form an airtight space, which locates at the shower. A side of the refuge cabin is an especial sliding door, while the other side is a fixed door with quick watch window. The refuge cabin is a metallic rectangular block, using combination of materials which is made up of metal, fire retardation and heat insulation materials. The mesosphere fills in fireclay and asbestos insulation cloth, and the mesosphere also includes H-shaped steel support frame. The headspace involves water tank, external pipe, compressed oxygen device, ventilation device, lithium battery and medicine cabinet. Inside the cabin, there are shower, folding seat, siren and lighting device. Besides, a waterproof cabinet is set. It is used for placing water, foods and mini flashlight. The refuge cabin enables people to hedge in the first time while the house is on fire. A side wall is connected with the bathroom window, if necessary, sufferer can open the door to escape or seek assistance. Ventilation and spray system can improve air, pressure and temperature inside the cabin. The water tank, lithium power and compressed oxygen device setting, even in the domestic power supply and water can not be normal to provide case, we can still rely on the guarantee to survive. Physiological necessities equipped are to ensure not lead to the function of the body damage or even death during a rescue of the lack of water or food.
In this course, we must consult some related books and references in advance, in order to enhance our basic speculative knowledge. For this course is an innovative research, we may collect plenty of information from other ways, such as a mine refuge chamber, a lifesaving cabin floor, a permanent refuge chamber etc. Through those chambers, an analogical research can be done. After getting some ideas of the design characteristics, we’ll summarize what the environment we need in the current refuge chamber when apartment is on fire, and consulting the design architecture at home and abroad. Then to find out the chamber system’s design content, design method, design process. On the premise of above contents, we are ready to design a safe and efficient fireproof refuge chamber with the knowledge of ventilation,
Fire resistance, electrical safety, man-machine engineering, alarm system, lighting system and design of intelligent building system, which provides a current place offering protection and safety when fire occurs. It will reduce the incidence of injured to zero.
Keywords: household refuge cabin; fireproof; events design;
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题的研究背景及目的 1
1.1.1 火灾的危害 1
1.1.2 设计研究的意义 2
1.2 其他领域避难舱的应用情况 2
1.2.1 矿井避难硐室 3
1.2.2 水上逃生舱 7
1.3 课题研究及设计的工作内容 9
2 理论基础及设计分析 10
2.1 设计思想与结构 10
2.2 避难舱设计理论基础 11
2.2.1 设计原则 11
2.2.2 设计关键技术 12
2.2.3 选择舱体材料的要素 15
2.2.4 人机设计 17
2.3 家用避难舱整体技术形式 18
3 方案设计说明 20
3.1 设计概况 20
3.2 具体设计技术方案 22
3.2.1 舱体的设计 22
3.2.2 通风系统 33
3.2.3 供氧系统 42
3.2.4 喷淋系统、制冷除湿装置 44