隧道安全施工组织设计+文献综述(2)
根据上述对隧道施工风险及施工方案的分析，得出以下结论：
（1）通过利用安全检查表对隧道施工中的危险因素进行辨识以及利用LEC法、事故树法、PHA法对隧道施工进行风险分析找出了造成塌方、电气火灾等事故的危险因素，为隧道安全施工方案的制定提供了依据；
（2）根据风险分析的结果，制定了隧道主要施工阶段的施工流程及施工方法，并且在方案中制定了相应的施工要点及注意事项，确保了隧道安全、高效的施工，使人们的人身财产安全获得了保障。
关键词： 隧道；事故；危险源辨识；风险分析；
Construction Organization Design of a Certain Tunnel for the Sake of Safety
Abstract: Construction organization design of construction work is the heart and soul of the organization, is the concept of the whole process of project engineering construction and specific arrangements envisaged. It is used to guide the activities of the whole process of construction project of integrated technical, economic and organizational documents. Especially in recent years, with the rapid economic development, increasingly heavy traffic, construction of the tunnel started across the country. Accompanied by a large tunnel construction, construction safety and accidents are frequent. Therefore, prior to the preparation of construction organization design in the construction process should be an identification of the risk factors, and risk analysis, resulting in a safe, reasonable and efficient construction programme.
In this paper, safety check list, LEC analysis, fault tree analysis, preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) are used to analysis the risks involved in tunnel construction .
The construction design of the tunnel is located at 1000m south hongqi village Jiaohe City . The tunnel is 815m long and maximum depth about 25m.
The design of the main advantage of security check list during the construction of the tunnel excavation situation, the construction of waterproofing and drainage, support and lining case, protective case, monitoring and measurement , construction management, and other aspects of the tunnel characteristics identified risk factors to identify the construction risk caused by risk factors, and identifies the major risk events. Chapter tunneling through identification of risk factors identified tunneling risk factors exist in the process . According to judge the risk factors identified in the construction process may occur mud outburst accidents, collapse accidents, dangerous rock , large deformation, rock burst, electrical fire, electric shock and other accidents.So, in the third chapter were utilized LEC method , fault tree analysis, risk analysis pre- construction process of the tunnel there is a risk event risk analysis. Among them, the LEC method through the tunnel construction process different workplace risk factors were analyzed in the living area is the most prone to fire and explosion accidents , especially because electricity is not standardized electrical fire caused by a major accident hazards ; most likely to occur at the construction site collapse accident is an accident , resulting in a significant risk of collapse of many factors, including through large fault zones , the lining is not timely, blasting design parameters properly, poor stability of surrounding rock. Due to electrical fire risk factors is relatively small, so the use of risk analysis in advance of their qualitative analysis to identify risk factors of the highest level, and to develop appropriate preventive measures can be. The collapse accidents involve more risk factors, and there are a lot of factors are major risk factors , so it is necessary the use of fault tree analysis of its quantitative analysis. Tunnel collapse accident cause analysis considered 29 bottom events, by solving cut (path) sets and important calculation produces a clear landslides main underlying factors, a key factor in determining the risk of collection, and the importance of various factors affecting the sort. The main risk in accordance with their importance in the order of : X10 (in case of water-rich layer ), X01(bedding jointed rock crushing and development), X06(construction safety consciousness), X02 (through a large fault zone) , X04 (time duration) .