摘要：溶解性良好和蒸汽压低等独特的物化性质使得离子液体被认为是环境友好型的，但其易于溶于水及较差的降解性给环境带来潜在的危害越发凸显。目前致死剂量是离子液体的首要探究指标，而本论文创新性地考察了1-甲基咪唑和2-甲基咪唑离子液体对模式生物秀丽线虫染毒24h后不同行为学指标（前进运动、倒退运动、Omega转弯）的毒性差异，期望预测环境中离子液体对人体可能造成的毒性隐患。实验结果表明：两离子液体对秀丽线虫正常的局部运动能力具有明显抑制作用，均呈剂量依赖关系；此二类咪唑离子液体的甲基取代基的位置是决定其毒性的重要影响因素之一。此结论提示了在如本实验目标毒物等离子液体的合成与应用中，应格外注意其在水溶液中的浓度，避免危害人类与生态环境的健康。

关键词：离子液体；1-甲基咪唑；2-甲基咪唑；秀丽线虫；运动行为；抑制作用 

Behavioral Toxicity Effects of Ionic Liquids on C. elegans

Abstract: The unique physicochemical properties such as good solubility and low vapor pressure make ionic liquids considered to be environmentally friendly. However, the potential hazards to the environment are more and more obvious due to its easy solubility in water and poor degradability. The current lethal dose is the primary probe for ionic liquids. Therefore, the present study innovatively investigated the different behavioral parameters of 1-methylimidazole and 2-methylimidazolium ionic liquids for 24 h exposure to the model C. elegans. Differences in toxicity between exercise, regressive exercise, and Omega turning are expected to predict the potential toxicity of ionic liquids in the human body. The experimental results show that the two ionic liquids have a significant inhibitory effect on the normal local locomotor activity of C. elegans in a dose-dependent manner; the position of the methyl substituent is one of the important factors that determine the toxicity of the second class of imidazole ionic liquids. This conclusion suggests that in the synthesis and application of target toxicant plasma liquids such as this experiment, it should pay special attention to its concentration in aqueous solution to avoid harming the health of humans and the ecological environment.

Key Words: Ionic liquid; 1-methylimidazole; 2-methylimidazole; C. elegans; locomotor activity; inhibition

目  录

第一章 绪论 - 1 -

1.1 离子液体的概况 - 1 -

1.2 1-甲基咪唑及其应用研究 - 2 -

1.3 2-甲基咪唑及其应用研究 - 2 -

1.4 毒理学模式生物秀丽线虫 - 3 -

1.4.1 生物学和生态学特性 - 3 -

1.4.2 作为受试生物的毒理学研究应用 - 3 -

1.5 技术路线 - 4 -

1.6 本论文的研究目的、意义及内容 - 4 -

1.6.1 本论文研究意义和目的 - 4 -

1.6.2 本论文研究内容 - 5 -

1.7 本论文的重点及创新点 - 5 -