The word “euphemism” originates from Greek and "eu- " means "good" and "phemism " means "good。 Its literal meaning is “word of good komen”。 It generally refers to replace some vulgar words and avoiding embarrassing situations in order to have a harmonious conversation。 In Chinese-Western culture, the euphemism is to be used for processing speech that needs to be tactful, so, using euphemism correctly makes people feel just like a fish in water。 In daily practical communication, limitations of object, contexts, and conditions, resulting in pragmatic failure decrease the correctness of using euphemism。来*自-优=尔,论:文+网www.chuibin.com

2。2 Studies of Pragmatic Failure Abroad and at Home

2。2。1 Studies of Pragmatic Failure Abroad

    Domestic research on Euphemism mainly involves: (1)。 Pragmatics (Shu, 1989; Xu, 1989; Xu,1996) illustrated relationships among three principles of using euphemism in communication (cooperation, politeness, self-protection), and raised some integrated strategies to solve problems of practical application。 (2)。 Content (Chen, 1976; Wu,1998; Sun,1996): to use the concept of cognitive linguistics such as the euphemism should keep pace with the development or the changing regime of society in metaphor theory and metonymy theory。 (3)。 To define euphemism(Chen, 1932; Wang, 2005; Chen, 1983): studied euphemism from the rhetoric perspective and made differences between Chinese and English euphemism, which revealed the social essence of euphemism at that time。 In addition, this thesis analyzed the characteristics of euphemism composition and applied characteristics of euphemism。 (4)。 From the perspective of taboo words to study euphemism as a figure of speech (Chen, 1991)。 (5)。 Make a contrast between euphemism in religion, hierarchy, and in some details of daily life and to explain taboo words, as well as euphemism in guarded hierarchical system。 Discussing the causes of euphemism application。 (Aaron, 1984; Li, 1989) from the perspective of culture and social psychology。