摘要：随着信息技术、科学技术的不断进步，人工智能的发展应用也已涉及到各行各业，大力推动着社会变革和劳动力市场转型，这一过程中会使大学生就业迎来新的机遇和挑战。本文从历次工业、传统行业转型升级和新的社会需求这三方面来诠释大学生的就业机遇。同时对当下人工智能领域人才缺乏、部分大学生专业对口岗位的消失以及大学生就业观念、能力这四个问题分析大学生就业可能会面临的挑战。建议从政府、企业、高校和大学生这四个角度制定相关对策，通过政府在政策上的完善、企业加大科研创新力度、高校优化教育模式和大学生持续的自我提升，为大学生就业创造条件，实现人工智能发展下大学生良好就业前景。

关键词：人工智能；就业；传统行业

Research on the opportunity and challenge of college students ' employment under the development of artificial intelligence

Abstract：With the continuous progress of information technology and science, the development and application of artificial intelligence has involved into various walks of life, vigorously promoting social revolution and the transformation of labor market. This process will bring the new challenges and opportunities for the employment of college students. From the perspective of former industrial revolution, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industry and the new social demands, this paper illustrates the employment opportunity of college students. Meanwhile, this paper analyzes the challenges that might be met for the employment of college students from the four problems, like the lack of talents in the field of artificial intelligence, the disappearance of the professional counterpart jobs of some college students, the employment concept of college students and their abilities. It suggests to take the relevant countermeasures from the government, enterprises, colleges and college students these four aspects. Through the improvement of policy by the government, the increase of innovation by enterprises, the optimization of the teaching modes by colleges and universities and the continuous self-improvement of college students, it creates the conditions and realizes a good prospect for the employment of college students under the development of artificial intelligence.

KeyWords：artificial intelligence; employment; traditional industry

目  录

一、绪论 1

（一） 研究背景 1

（二） 研究现状 1

（三） 研究目的与意义 2

二、人工智能概况 3

（一） 人工智能概念 3

（二） 人工智能发展趋势 3

（三） 人工智能相关应用 4

三、人工智能发展下大学生的就业机遇 5

（一） 从历次工业看人工智能带来的就业机遇 5

（二） 人工智能与传统行业的结合，为大学生提供更高端就业机会 5

（三） 人工智能发展下涌现新兴产业，为大学生提供更多就业机会 6

四、人工智能发展对大学生就业的挑战 7

（一） 人工智能领域人才缺乏 7

（二） 传统行业转型，部分专业对口岗位或将消失 8

（三） 大学生就业观念尚未跟上时代发展 8