分光光度法快速测定果蔬中农药残留的研究
关键词：有机磷农药残留；快速测定；酶抑制法；分光光度法；蔬菜；水果 4880
Rapid determination of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables by Spectrophotometry
Abstract: This article mainly uses 722 spectrophometer，In the 412nm wavelength ，determining pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits rapidly by using acetylcholinesterase，
Measuring the absorbance change value of the sample solution after 3 minutes. Organophosphate and carbamate pesticides on the normal function of cholinesterase inhibition, the inhibition rate of pesticide concentrations were positively correlated. Enzymatic hydrolysis of acetylcholine, hydrolyzate thereof and the chromogenic agent (dithio-bis-nitrobenzoic acid DTNB) reaction of a yellow substance. The determination results of actual samples show the pesticide residues in vegetable and fruits.Pesticide residues in vegetables is more serious than fruits,but not more than 50%,not exceed the standard of pesticide.And with acetylcholinesterase reagent as the research object,compare the inhibition rate under different acetylcholinesterase，substrate and color agent dosage.In the precondition of certain determine the enzyme dosage,substrate dosage is recommended dosage,color agent dosage is the half of recommended dosage,reducing the detection cost.
Keywords：organophosphorus pesticide residues；rapid determination；enzyme inhibition activity ；Spectrophotometry；fruits；vegetables
目录
1 前言 1
1.1果蔬中农药残留给人们生活带来的灾难 2
1.2 农药残留的治理措施 3
1.2.1 正确使用农药 3
1.2.2 加强技术指导 3
1.2.3 制定有效的管理制度，对农药监督检查 4
1.2.4 大力研发低毒无农药残留品种 4
1.3 世界各国对果蔬中农药的检验情况 4
1.3.1 国外对农药的检验情况 4
1.3.2 中国大陆对农药的检验情况 5
1.4 目前对农药残留的一些检验方法 5
1.4.1 化学分析法 5
1.4.2 生物毒性检测法 6
1.4.3 酶分析法 6
1.4.4 色谱法 7
1.4.5 其他方法 8
1.5 酶抑制法原理 9
2 实验内容 11
2.1 检测方法的选择 11
2.2 试剂与材料 11
2.3 实验仪器 12
2.4 实验方法 12
2.4.1 实验过程 12
2.4.2 酶抑制率的检测 13
3 结果与讨论 15
3.1 最佳波长的确定 15
3.2 空白样品吸光度△Ao的测定 16
3.3 敌敌畏吸光度的测定 17
3.3.1 不同浓度下的吸光度对比 17